Autism and ADHD: What’s Similar, What’s Different, and How Common Is It to Have Both?
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are two of the most common neurodevelopmental conditions. While they are separate diagnoses, research shows a significant overlap in symptoms, and many people have both. Understanding the similarities and differences can help individuals and families seek the right support.
Similarities Between Autism and ADHD
Autism and ADHD often share challenges with:
Attention and Focus: People with either condition may struggle to concentrate, get easily distracted, or have trouble finishing tasks.
Social Interactions: Both can involve difficulties with social communication, making friends, or understanding social cues.
Impulsivity: Individuals may act quickly without thinking, interrupt others, or have trouble waiting their turn.
Sensory Sensitivities: Many people with autism or ADHD are sensitive to sounds, lights, textures, or other sensory input.
Executive Functioning: Planning, organizing, and managing time can be hard for people with either condition.
Because of these shared traits, it’s common for symptoms to be mistaken for one another. However, each condition also has its own unique features.
Differences Between Autism and ADHD
Autism is typically characterized by differences in social communication, repetitive behaviors, and restricted interests. People with autism may prefer routines and have deep, focused interests.
ADHD is defined by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. People with ADHD may be more restless or have difficulty sitting still.
How Common Is It to Have Both Autism and ADHD?
Recent research shows that the co-occurrence of autism and ADHD is more common than previously thought. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 30% to 50% of people with autism also have symptoms of ADHD (CDC, 2020). Similarly, studies find that 20% to 50% of those diagnosed with ADHD also meet criteria for autism (Leitner, 2014).
This overlap is called comorbidity, and it’s important because having both conditions can affect learning, relationships, and mental health. People with both autism and ADHD may need tailored support and treatment strategies.
Why Is It Important to Know?
Recognizing the similarities and overlaps can help families and adults seek comprehensive evaluations. A thorough assessment can clarify diagnoses, uncover strengths, and guide the right interventions, whether it’s therapy, academic support, or workplace accommodations.
Next Steps
If you or your child shows signs of both autism and ADHD, consider a professional evaluation. Early identification can lead to better outcomes and improved quality of life.
Ready to learn more? Contact Grey Matter to schedule an autism and ADHD evaluation in Los Angeles, California.
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